什么情況下選擇使用圓錐滾子軸承？
When should you choose to use tapered roller bearings? (Bearing foreign trade material)
軸承的種類多樣，各類軸承使用的場合也不同。那么圓錐滾子軸承作為其中重要的一項，究竟在什么情況下選擇使用呢？那我們首先就要了解圓錐滾子軸承的結構特點、優缺點及應用場合，才能結合不同的工況判斷是否應該選擇圓錐滾子軸承。下面我們就從這幾部分展開討論。
There are various kinds of bearings, and different kinds of bearings are used in different occasions. Then, as a very important bearing, under what circumstances will tapered roller bearings be used? First of all, we need to understand the structural characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and application occasions of tapered roller bearings, so as to judge whether tapered roller bearings should be selected according to different working conditions. Let's start from these parts.
1、圓錐滾子軸承的結構及特點
1. Structure and characteristics of tapered roller bearings
1.1、圓錐滾子軸承的結構
1.1 Structure of tapered roller bearings
圓錐滾子軸承是由圓錐滾道（內圈和外圈）和圓錐滾子組成的單元。該結構適用于組合載荷，例如雙向作用的軸向和徑向載荷。所有圓錐表面的投影線都在軸承軸線的同一點相聚，以改善滾動，同時減少摩擦。根據接觸角的增加或減少，可以增加或減少負載能力。接觸角越大，負載能力越高。而且它們通常成對使用，以更好地分配徑向載荷。在某些重載應用中，可以將兩組或四組一起使用。
Tapered roller bearings are units composed of tapered raceways (inner and outer rings) and tapered rollers. This structure is suitable for combined loads, such as axial and radial loads acting in both directions. The projection lines of all conical surfaces converge at the same point on the bearing axis to improve rolling while reducing friction. According to the increase or decrease of the contact angle, the load capacity can be increased or decreased. The larger the contact angle, the higher the load capacity. And they are often used in pairs to better distribute radial loads. In some heavy-duty applications, two or four groups can be used together.
1.2、圓錐滾子軸承的特點
1.2 characteristics of tapered roller bearing
在圓錐滾子軸承的結構方面，有以下幾個特點；
（1）它們是可分離的設計軸承，即帶滾動元件的內座圈構成一個單元，進而可以單獨安裝在外座圈上。
（2）軸承的軸向承載能力在很大程度上取決于與外滾道角度對應的接觸角。
（3）圓錐滾子軸承在很大程度上能夠承受組合（軸向和徑向）負荷，因此比其他軸承具有明顯優勢。
In terms of the structure of tapered roller bearings, there are the following characteristics;
(1) They are separable design bearings, that is, the inner race with rolling elements constitutes a unit, which can be installed on the outer race separately.
(2) The axial bearing capacity of the bearing depends to a large extent on the contact angle corresponding to the angle of the outer raceway.
(3) Tapered roller bearings can withstand combined (axial and radial) loads to a large extent, so they have obvious advantages over other bearings.
1.3、圓錐滾子軸承的種類
（1）單列圓錐滾子軸承
（2）雙列圓錐滾子軸承
（3）四列圓錐滾子軸承
1.3 Types of tapered roller bearings
(1). Single Row Tapered Roller Bearing
(2). Double Row Tapered Roller Bearing
(3). Four Row Tapered Roller Bearings
2、圓錐滾子軸承的優點
2.Advantages of tapered roller bearings
圓錐滾子軸承有很多優點。由于滾子是圓錐形的，并且圓錐形具有一定角度，因此它可以輕松地承受各種方向的載荷。它比球形，圓柱或滾針軸承更好地承受軸向推力和徑向負載。
Tapered roller bearings have many advantages. Because the roller is conical and the cone has an angle, it can easily withstand loads in all directions. It withstands axial thrust and radial loads better than spherical, cylindrical or needle bearings.
圓錐滾子軸承的幾何形狀允許滾子在滾道之間滑動，這意味著在滾子承載時滾子不可能隨意滑動。圓錐滾子軸承具有最低載荷要求，以確保滾子和滾道之間不打滑。因為打滑是有害的，它會破壞滾子或滾道表面的潤滑，這將導致接觸面磨損、軸承過早失效。
The geometry of the tapered roller bearings allows the rollers to slide between the raceways, which means that it is not possible for the rollers to slide freely when the rollers are loaded. Tapered roller bearings have minimum load requirements to ensure non-slip between the roller and raceway. Because slip is harmful, it can damage the lubrication of the roller or raceway surface, which will cause contact surface wear and premature bearing failure.
由于圓錐滾子軸承的獨特設計，減少了摩擦，進而減少了運行過程中的熱量。錐形形狀使得滾子在滾動時均勻地傳遞載荷。這大大降低了磨損，繼而提高了耐用性。如今已普遍運用于變速箱軸和旋轉軸中。由于這些軸承的高耐久性，可以保證軸承使用的壽命明顯提高。由于其可靠性，它們還可以處理許多重型作業。
Due to the unique design of tapered roller bearings, friction is reduced, which in turn reduces heat during operation. The tapered shape allows the rollers to evenly transfer loads as they roll. This greatly reduces wear, which in turn improves durability. Today tapered roller bearings are commonly used in transmission shafts and rotary shafts. Due to the high durability of these bearings, the service life of the bearings can be significantly improved. Due to their reliability, they can also perform many heavy operations.
3、圓錐滾子軸承的缺點
3. Disadvantages of tapered roller bearings
在某些情況下，圓錐滾子軸承也有一些不足之處。圓錐滾子軸承不能承受動態不對中的載荷。因此它不能像調心滾子軸承那樣可以對動態不對中載荷進行調節。因此，在某些應用中，可以通過軸承箱的設計來彌補該不足。
In some cases, tapered roller bearings also have some disadvantages. Tapered roller bearings cannot withstand dynamic misalignment loads. Therefore it cannot adjust the dynamic misalignment load like spherical roller bearings. Therefore, in some applications, this deficiency can be compensated by the design of the bearing housing.
圓錐滾子軸承另一個缺點是速度限制。盡管圓錐滾子軸承可以在高速下運轉，但遠低于球軸承可以達到的速度極限，并且球軸承在較高速度下產生的熱量更少。
Another disadvantage of tapered roller bearings is speed limitation. Although tapered roller bearings can run at high speeds, they are well below the speed limits that ball bearings can reach, and ball bearings generate less heat at higher speeds.
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